What are the virulence factors of Bacteroides fragilis?
Some virulence factors were noticed in B. fragilis such as adherence, hemagglutination, polysaccharide capsule, fimbriae, as well as antibiotic and metal ion resistances (Gorbach & Bartlett 1974, Duerden 1980).
What is Bacteroides fragilis group?
The Bacteroides fragilis group comprises the most important anaerobic pathogens in human infections. These pathogens are often associated with polymicrobial infections such as intra-abdominal, obstetric-gynecologic, diabetic foot, and skin and skin structure infections.
What is the virulence factor of E coli?
ExPEC—the specific virulence factors. Uropathogenic E. coli have many virulence factors, i.e. adhesins, toxins (e.g. alpha-hemolysin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1, autotransporter toxins), iron/heme-acquisition systems, and iron ion transport.
What covers fragilis?
Treatment. In general, B. fragilis is susceptible to metronidazole, carbapenems, tigecycline, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations (e.g. ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam), and certain antimicrobials of the cephalosporin class, including cefoxitin.
How does the capsule of B fragilis prevent phagocytosis?
B. fragilis and other anaerobes produce a wide range of virulence factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease Capsule: The presence of polysaccharide capsule in B fragilis helps the bacteria to adhere to peritoneal surfaces. The capsule is antiphagocytic and prevents phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Which is an infection associated with Bacteroides fragilis?
Infections where single organism isolation is most commonly associated with Bacteroides include endocarditis, meningitis, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis ( 36 ). Bacteroides fragilis may be isolated as a single agent, such as in blood cultures, or more typically from mixed infections.
What are the virulence factors in microbiology Ch 13?
Virulence factors include all of the following except ______. a. capsules b. ribosome Correct c. exoenzymes d. endotoxin e. exotoxin b. ribosome Pathogenic microbes that cause disease in healthy people are called ______. Select one: a. opportunistic pathogens b. normal biota c. indigenous biota d. true pathogens e. micropathogens d. true pathogens
Which is the most active antimicrobial agent in B fragilis?
Penicillins: Penicillin hydrolyzing activity in B. fragilis group members was first recognized in 1968 (87). Greater than 90% of clinical isolates produce beta-lactamases that are predominantly active against cephalosporins, have high activity, are cell associated, and are produced constitutively (3,25,81,116).