How does kinetic molecular theory explain effusion?
Not only do gaseous particles move with high kinetic energy, but their small size enables them to move through small openings as well; this process is known as effusion. The opening of the hole must be smaller than the mean free path because otherwise, the gas could move back and forth through the hole. …
What is the effect of molar mass on rates of diffusion and effusion?
The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass (Graham’s law), a relationship that closely approximates the rate of diffusion. As a result, light gases tend to diffuse and effuse much more rapidly than heavier gases.
What is difference between effusion and diffusion?
Effusion refers to the ability of the gas to travel through a tiny opening. Diffusion refers to the ability of the gases to mix, generally when there is an absence of a barrier.
How are diffusion and effusion related in chemistry?
1 diffusion: movement of particles from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration 2 mean free path: the average distance traveled by a particle between collisions with other particles 3 Effusion: movement of gas molecules through a tiny hole
How does the kinetic theory of diffusion describe a gas?
Diffusion The kinetic theory describes a gas as a large number of submicroscopic particles (atoms or molecules), all of which are in constant rapid motion that has randomness arising from their many collisions with each other and with the walls of the container.
How is Graham’s Law of diffusion and effusion useful?
Graham’s law is very useful in separation processes. The gases with different densities can be separated using Graham’s law. It is also helpful in determining the molar mass of unknown gases by comparing the rate of diffusion of unknown gas to known gas. We can separate the isotopes of an element using Graham’s law.
What is the movement of particles in effusion?
Effusion is the movement of particles of a gas through a tiny opening into an open container or space. Open container or space can be vacuum, atmosphere, or any other gas. In effusion, the atoms or molecules in an enclosed container are trying to escape through the aperture.